PXD072424-1

PXD072424 is an original dataset announced via ProteomeXchange.

Title	Dairy-millet synergy underpinned subsistence adaptation to Inner Asian mountains from 2900 BCE
Description	Dairy and millets have long sustained agropastoral societies in Inner Asia. While dairy pastoralism emerged across the eastern Eurasian steppe from 3000 BCE, the timing and process of its introduction into the Inner Asian mountains and integration with millet cultivation remains unclear due to the gaps in archaeological record. Here, we present the first long-term record of the integration of dairy and millet consumption in the Inner Asian mountains, based on chronological, palaeoproteomic, and stable isotope analyses of the Narensu cemetery (3050 BCE–1430 CE) in Xinjiang. This evidence reveals the earliest known convergence of Eastern and Western agropastoral technologies from 2900 BCE. Horse milk was widely consumed by 840 BCE, followed by an intensification of agrarian production during the Han–Xiongnu period. We argue that the synergy of dairy pastoralism and millet shaped a sustainable mixed economy, underpinning resilient subsistence strategies and long-term socio-ecological adaptation in Xinjiang’s diverse environments.
HostingRepository	PRIDE
AnnounceDate	2026-03-26
AnnouncementXML	Submission_2026-03-25_20:21:54.892.xml
DigitalObjectIdentifier
ReviewLevel	Peer-reviewed dataset
DatasetOrigin	Original dataset
RepositorySupport	Unsupported dataset by repository
PrimarySubmitter	Yang Xu
SpeciesList	scientific name: Homo sapiens (Human); NCBI TaxID: NEWT:9606;
ModificationList	2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid (Gln); phosphorylated residue; acetylated residue; deamidated residue; iodoacetamide derivatized residue
Instrument	Q Exactive HF

Revision	Datetime	Status	ChangeLog Entry
0	2025-12-25 10:31:34	ID requested
⏵ 1	2026-03-25 20:21:55	announced

Dataset with its publication pending

submitter keyword: dairy pastoralism

millet transmission

palaeoproteomic analysis

Eurasian steppe

Afanasievo Culture

trans-Eurasian exchange

Yang Xu
contact affiliation	School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
contact email	xuyang310@jlu.edu.cn
lab head
Yang Xu
contact affiliation	Jilin University
contact email	xuyang310@jlu.edu.cn
dataset submitter

Dataset FTP location NOTE: Most web browsers have now discontinued native support for FTP access within the browser window. But you can usually install another FTP app (we recommend FileZilla) and configure your browser to launch the external application when you click on this FTP link. Or otherwise, launch an app that supports FTP (like FileZilla) and use this address: ftp://ftp.pride.ebi.ac.uk/pride/data/archive/2026/03/PXD072424

PRIDE project URI

• PRIDE
  1. PXD072424
     1. Label: PRIDE project
     2. Name: Dairy-millet synergy underpinned subsistence adaptation to Inner Asian mountains from 2900 BCE