PXD055065-1

PXD055065 is an original dataset announced via ProteomeXchange.

Title	Vault RNAs aid RNA virus infection by facilitating cytoplasmic localization of hnRNP C and ELAVL1
Description	Abstract Vault RNAs (vtRNAs) are a family of four small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are ubiquitously expressed in many eukaryotes and that regulate multiple cellular pathways. Their expression is increased upon infection with various DNA and RNA viruses. This suggests they either function to aid viral replication or as an antiviral restriction factor. However, their precise molecular function remains unclear. Here, we show that replication of picornaviruses, alphaviruses, and betacoronaviruses broadly enhances vtRNA expression. We find that genetic loss of vtRNAs inhibits replication of Sindbis virus (SINV) and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) replication, independent of the antiviral type I interferon (IFN) response. A proteomic screen uncovered the vtRNA interactome and revealed that vtRNAs associate with RNA binding proteins ELAVL1 and hnRNP C in uninfected and infected cells. VtRNAs facilitate the translocation of ELAVL1 and hnRNP C from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in infected cells, an event that is required for efficient viral replication. Moreover, in the absence of vtRNAs, hnRNP C and ELAVL1 fail to associate with viral RNA in the cytosol of SINV-infected cells. Together, our findings uncover a novel molecular mechanism by which vtRNAs exert pro-viral activity during the course of SINV and EMCV infection, which opens up new avenues for therapeutic targeting to fight infectious diseases.
HostingRepository	PRIDE
AnnounceDate	2025-05-20
AnnouncementXML	Submission_2025-05-20_01:46:29.534.xml
DigitalObjectIdentifier
ReviewLevel	Peer-reviewed dataset
DatasetOrigin	Original dataset
RepositorySupport	Unsupported dataset by repository
PrimarySubmitter	Rayman Tjokrodirijo
SpeciesList	scientific name: Homo sapiens (Human); NCBI TaxID: 9606;
ModificationList	acetylated residue; monohydroxylated residue; iodoacetamide derivatized residue
Instrument	Orbitrap Exploris 480

Revision	Datetime	Status	ChangeLog Entry
0	2024-08-22 06:12:32	ID requested
⏵ 1	2025-05-20 01:46:29	announced

Dataset with its publication pending

submitter keyword: host-pathogen interaction, small non-coding RNA, antiviral defense, RNA-binding proteins

Peter A.
contact affiliation	Head Proteomics Group, Leiden University Medical Center, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, PO Box 9600, Postal zone P1-Q, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
contact email	P.A.van_Veelen@lumc.nl
lab head
Rayman Tjokrodirijo
contact affiliation	Leiden University Medical Center, Proteomics group
contact email	R.T.N.Tjokrodirijo@lumc.nl
dataset submitter

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PRIDE project URI

• PRIDE
  1. PXD055065
     1. Label: PRIDE project
     2. Name: Vault RNAs aid RNA virus infection by facilitating cytoplasmic localization of hnRNP C and ELAVL1