PXD041874-2

PXD041874 is an original dataset announced via ProteomeXchange.

Title	Middle and Late Pleistocene Denisovan subsistence at Baishiya Karst Cave on the Tibetan Plateau
Description	Genetic and limited palaeoanthropological data suggest that Denisovans, a sister group to Neanderthals, were once widely distributed in eastern Eurasia, likely stretching from high-latitude Siberia, to the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau, to the low-latitude subtropical regions of southeast Asia. This suggests that Denisovans were capable of adapting to a highly diverse range of environments, but archaeological evidence for this is currently limited. As a result, we know little about their behaviours, including subsistence strategies, across the vast areas they likely occupied. Here, we describe the late Middle to Late Pleistocene faunal assemblage from Baishiya Karst Cave on the Tibetan Plateau, where the Xiahe Denisovan mandible and Denisovan sedimentary mtDNA were found, by integrating proteomic screening into traditional zooarchaeological analysis. The results indicate that the faunal assemblage consists of a diverse range of animals, including megafauna, large mammals, small mammals and birds, but is dominated by medium-sized herbivores. Frequent cut marks and percussion traces on bone surfaces throughout the assemblage, even on carnivore bones, indicate that Denisovan activities in Baishiya Karst Cave from at least 190 to 30 thousand years are responsible for the fauna assemblage accumulation. Thorough utilization of acquired animal resources, even perhaps the fur, too, might have helped Denisovans to survive through the last two glacial-interglacial cycles on the cold high-altitude Tibetan Plateau. Our results shed new light on Denisovan behaviours and their adaptations to the diverse and fluctuated environments in the Middle and Late Pleistocene eastern Eurasia.
HostingRepository	PRIDE
AnnounceDate	2024-07-08
AnnouncementXML	Submission_2024-07-08_03:39:55.381.xml
DigitalObjectIdentifier	https://dx.doi.org/10.6019/PXD041874
ReviewLevel	Peer-reviewed dataset
DatasetOrigin	Original dataset
RepositorySupport	Supported dataset by repository
PrimarySubmitter	Zandra Fagernäs
SpeciesList	scientific name: Ochotona cansus; NCBI TaxID: 130821; scientific name: Hystrix ; NCBI TaxID: 10136; scientific name: Naemorhedus goral; NCBI TaxID: 34871; scientific name: Procapra picticaudata; NCBI TaxID: 59540; scientific name: Budorcas taxicolor; NCBI TaxID: 37181; scientific name: Marmota himalayana; NCBI TaxID: 93163; scientific name: Moschus moschiferus; NCBI TaxID: 68415; scientific name: Myospalax sp.; NCBI TaxID: 106350; scientific name: Pseudois schaeferi; NCBI TaxID: 112503; scientific name: Otocolobus manul; NCBI TaxID: 61408; scientific name: Capricornis sumatraensis; NCBI TaxID: 34865; scientific name: Gazella subgutturosa; NCBI TaxID: 59529; scientific name: Lepus oiostolus; NCBI TaxID: 112018; scientific name: Elaphodus cephalophus; NCBI TaxID: 109298;
ModificationList	deamidated L-asparagine; monohydroxylated residue; deamidated L-glutamine; monohydroxylated proline
Instrument	Orbitrap Exploris 480

Revision	Datetime	Status	ChangeLog Entry
0	2023-04-28 05:01:17	ID requested
1	2024-05-22 01:44:30	announced
⏵ 2	2024-07-08 03:39:55	announced	2024-07-08: Updated project metadata.

10.6019/PXD041874;

10.1038/S41586-024-07612-9;

submitter keyword: Palaeoproteomics, Pleistocene, fauna, archaeology, LC-MS/MS

Frido Welker
contact affiliation	Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
contact email	frido.welker@sund.ku.dk
lab head
Zandra Fagernäs
contact affiliation	Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen
contact email	zandra.fagernas@sund.ku.dk
dataset submitter

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PRIDE project URI

• PRIDE
  1. PXD041874
     1. Label: PRIDE project
     2. Name: Middle and Late Pleistocene Denisovan subsistence at Baishiya Karst Cave on the Tibetan Plateau