PXD076334

PXD076334 is an original dataset announced via ProteomeXchange.

Title	Sperm, egg and embryo proteins critical for genetic adaptation of herring to low salinity in the Baltic Sea
Description	How species genetically adapt to new environments is a central question in evolutionary biology. Here whole-genome sequencing combined with functional analysis is used to dissect how Atlantic herring, a marine fish, has adapted to the brackish Baltic Sea. Genes involved in reproduction and early development emerge as primary targets of natural selection, with key changes in a sperm-specific anion channel (LRRC8C2), a zona pellucida protein (ZPBA1), a cluster of three genes for fish transglutaminase (FTG1-3), and a copy number expansion of a fish hatching enzyme gene (HE1C). The large diameter of LRRC8C2 homomers facilitates transport of ions and osmolytes, likely preventing swelling of sperm when spawning in low salinity. Altered ZPBA1 sequence together with modified FTG1-3 enzyme activity produces a harder egg envelope that prevents egg swelling in brackish waters, while the enhanced activity of the adapted HE1C enzyme enables larvae to digest this reinforced egg envelope during hatching. Baltic Sea herring populations reproducing in brackish water are fixed or nearly fixed for variant alleles at these four unlinked loci, each carrying multiple amino-acid substitutions compared to the alleles prevalent in the Atlantic Ocean populations. The alleles at three of these loci (ZPBA1, FTG1-3, and HE1C) have been introgressed from Pacific herring populations present in the Arctic Sea. These findings reveal concrete molecular mechanisms by which a marine species has adapted to a novel, low-salinity environment.
HostingRepository	PanoramaPublic
AnnounceDate	2026-04-18
AnnouncementXML	Submission_2026-04-18_07:54:27.175.xml
DigitalObjectIdentifier
ReviewLevel	Non peer-reviewed dataset
DatasetOrigin	Original dataset
RepositorySupport	Supported dataset by repository
PrimarySubmitter	Henning Urlaub
SpeciesList	scientific name: Clupeidae; NCBI TaxID: 55118;
ModificationList	Label:13C(6)15N(2)
Instrument	Orbitrap Exploris 480

Revision	Datetime	Status	ChangeLog Entry
0	2026-03-30 20:29:55	ID requested
⏵ 1	2026-04-18 07:54:27	announced

no publication

submitter keyword: Molecular evolution, Ecological adaptation, Genome biology, PRM-MS, limit-of-detection

Henning Urlaub
contact affiliation	Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
contact email	henning.urlaub@mpinat.mpg.de
lab head
Henning Urlaub
contact affiliation	Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences
contact email	henning.urlaub@mpinat.mpg.de
dataset submitter

Panorama Public dataset URI