Cervical cancer, primarily driven by persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection, remains a major global health burden. Cisplatin (CDDP), a first-line chemotherapeutic agent, faces limitations due to drug resistance and systemic toxicity. Phenanthriplatin (Phen-Pt), a monofunctional platinum derivative, exhibits a distinct antitumor profile and enhanced cellular uptake. This study evaluated the cytotoxic effects and mechanisms of Phen-Pt in normal cervical (ECT1/E6E7) and cervical cancer (SiHa/HeLa) cells. Proteomic analyses revealed that Phen-Pt modulates multiple biological processes, including metabolic pathways, apoptosis, immune responses, and extracellular matrix organization, with significant enrichment in cancer-related and viral infection pathways. Key genes involved in metabolism and apoptosis were differentially regulated, further supporting its multi-target mechanism.