Quantitative proteomic profiling was conducted using FACS‑purified leptotene‑zygotene spermatocytes from 13 dpp control and Srp72‑cKO mouse testes. This dataset aims to uncover proteomic changes in early‑prophase spermatocytes upon SRP72 ablation, providing proteome‑level resources for investigating the molecular mechanism underlying meiotic defects in Srp72‑cKO mice.