This dataset contains 4D-label-free quantitative proteomic profiles of cortex and spinal cord tissues from Tau P301L transgenic cynomolgus monkeys and wild-type controls. Sixteen tissue samples were analyzed, including wild-type cortex, wild-type spinal cord, Tau P301L cortex, and Tau P301L spinal cord, with four biological samples in each group. Peptides were measured on a Bruker timsTOF Pro mass spectrometer coupled to a nanoElute LC system using PASEF acquisition. Raw Bruker data were searched and quantified with MaxQuant 1.6.14 against the UniProt Macaca fascicularis protein database uniprot_Macaca_fascicularis_80185_20230915.fasta. The experiment identified 6,632 proteins and quantified 6,310 proteins, providing a tissue-resolved proteomic resource for the Tau P301L non-human-primate model.The deposited dataset includes raw Bruker .d files, MaxQuant search outputs and processed protein quantification matrices.