This dataset contains mass spectrometry–based thermal proteome profiling data. The assay was performed using lysates from differentiated human SGBS adipocytes. Cells were lysed, and protein concentrations were normalized prior to incubation with bisphenols, rosiglitazone, or vehicle control, followed by application of a temperature gradient to assess compound-induced changes in protein thermal stability. Soluble protein fractions were processed using SP3 bead–based cleanup, reduced, alkylated, and digested with trypsin. Peptides were labeled with tandem mass tags (TMT) to enable multiplexed quantitative analysis. Mass spectrometry data were analyzed using the R package TPP, including normalization, melting curve fitting, and determination of protein melting temperatures. Compound-induced thermal stability shifts were identified based on statistically significant melting point differences and stringent quality control criteria to ensure reproducibility and reliability of candidate targets.