Electronic cigarettes (e‑cigarettes) generate aerosols by heating e‑liquids composed of propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, nicotine, and flavoring agents. Although considered safer than conventional cigarettes, thermal decomposition of e‑liquids produces reactive carbonyls such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, and device hardware contributes metals and silicates. The health consequences of exposure remain incompletely understood, with evidence pointing to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered cellular responses. In this study, we investigated the acute effects of sub‑cytotoxic concentrations of e‑cigarette aerosol condensates on the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS‑2B. Condensates were generated from carrier liquids alone and from liquids containing nicotine and flavoring agents. We applied integrated transcriptomic and proteomic profiling, including assessment of protein modifications. Our results show that even short‑term exposure alters RNA and protein expression, disrupts protein translation and mitochondrial function, and is accompanied by irreversible protein modifications.