This study employed data-independent acquisition (DIA)-based mass spectrometry to investigate the proteome response of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) latex to ethephon treatment. Sixty ten-year-old rubber trees (clone RY 7-33-97, with no prior ethylene treatment history) were randomly assigned to six groups. Three groups were treated with 3% (v/v) ethrel, while the remaining three served as control groups (Ultrapure water). After treatment, latex samples were collected on days 1, 3, and 5. Latex from six trees per treatment group was pooled at each time point to minimize biological variability.