The profiling of proteomes by means of ultrashort chromatography-mass spectrometry is actively developed for biochemical and physiological plants studies. These methods are designed for rapid monitoring of cell response to abiotic factors and correlation of molecular changes with biochemical and physiological processes. Nanopriming is a unique method of changing the metabolism of plants and tolerance to stress. At the same time, the molecular mechanisms of influence of nanomaterials on plants remain poorly understood. This study aims at searching and identification of differentially regulated proteins involved in the reaction of wheat to seeds treatment of gold nanoparticles. Changes in the activity of photosynthetic apparatus, chlorophyll synthesis and pro-/antioxidant status of wheat under the influence of nanopriming are shown. Changes in the proteome are confirmed at the level of physiologic and biochemical processes.