Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were isolated from C57BL/6 mice and differentiated under standard culture conditions. Upon completion of differentiation, cells were subjected to cytokine stimulation to induce distinct M2 macrophage phenotypes. Specifically, M0 macrophages were polarized into M2a macrophages with 20 ng/mL interleukin-4 (IL-4), into M2b macrophages with 100 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in combination with 50 μg/mL mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG), and into M2c macrophages with 40 ng/mL interleukin-10 (IL-10). Following induction, the functional heterogeneity of M0, M2a, M2b and M2c macrophages was systematically assessed through proteomic profiling. The resulting data revealed distinct protein expression patterns reflective of the specialized functional roles of each macrophage subtype.