This project involves a proteomic analysis of juvenile Takifugu flavidus supplemented with 100 mg/kg GABA for 50 days, focusing on growth promotion and stress mitigation mechanisms. Proteomic profiling identified 286 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) associated with nutrient metabolism (nitrogen/nicotinate pathways), arachidonic acid signaling, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, revealing GABA’s effects on enhancing growth and alleviating stress through protein expression modulation. The dataset provides insights into the molecular basis of GABA’s role in aquaculture, supporting the development of functional feeds.