Five formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples each from normal tissues and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients in China were analyzed using label-free quantitative proteomics.Comparative analysis between groups was conducted to identify differentially expressed proteins, followed by subcellular localization, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses to elucidate the protein expression profiles and molecular characteristics associated with ulcerative colitis.