Sex determination through amelogenin peptides from dental enamel has, in recent years, opened new possibilities to the study of prehistoric demography. Although this technique can be used on teeth of any chronology, it bears especial significance for the analysis of prehistoric collective burials, where bone remains often appear commingled and disarticulated, which makes sexual determination extremely difficult or even impossible. Traditionally, the impossibility to sex buried subjects has prevented making assessments in social or demographic terms for which gender was a key aspect, including mobility, diet, social inequality or ancestry, among others. In this paper, sex data of 34 individuals from the Late Neolithic-Chalcolithic site of Perdigões (Reguengos de Monsaraz, Portugal) obtained through amelogenin peptides analysis of dental enamel are presented. This new evidence is of great relevance at a site in which the large majority of the vast collection of human remains discovered so far (MNI = 551) are heavily commingled and highly fragmented. Interpretation of the results proceeds at two levels: i) firstly we consider the chronological and spatial distribution of the funerary structures: ii) secondly, we look into the Sr values available for each of them. The results show a greater number of male (n=6) than female (n=2) individuals among local subjects, and a balance between men (n=13) and women (n=13) for non-local ones, suggesting similar residential mobility for both sexes. These results are assessed within the context of the evidence available both for the Iberian Peninsula and the European continent. The greater female mobility observed at sites with similar chronologies in Central Europe, which has been interpreted in terms of female exogamy and patrilocality, is not replicated at Perdigões, where men and women present similar values.