Individuals with hypopituitarism have an increased risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) due to growth hormone (GH) deficiency. A rat model of hypopituitarism was established by hypophysectomy, followed by recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) intervention. The mechanisms underlying GH deficiency-mediated NAFLD were elucidated through the application of label-free proteomics and phosphorylation proteomics.