Malaria is a parasitic infectious disease considered a public health problem. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a complication in malaria-infected individuals with a high mortality rate (80% to 100%) and can occur before, during, or after antimalarial drug treatment. Although inflammation and epithelial/endothelial injuries pathways have been determined through these studies, specific circulating malaria-associated ARDS markers have not yet been established. We applied a quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomic approach to identify altered molecular pathways in a mouse model of malaria-associated ARDS. Acute phase response proteins were regulated in the ARDS group, suggesting potential progression biomarkers.