Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease marked by a distinct pathology that includes superficial ulcerations, inflammatory infiltration, and increased apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) . These features contribute significantly to the disease's progression, with the recurrent inflammation in the colonic mucosa leading to a globally increasing incidence . The enhanced apoptosis of IECs, coupled with inflammation and mucosal ulceration, plays a pivotal role in exacerbating UC and complicating the healing process of the colonic tissue.