The cell cycle directs a specific sequence of events that leads to the production of two daughter cells. The temporal ordering of the cell cycle is tightly regulated by changes in protein and phosphorylation abundance. Therefore, high-quality data on cell cycle phase-dependent protein and post-translational modification abundance can provide key insights into fundamental aspects of cell physiology. Here, we present a proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis of the human cell cycle in non-transformed hTERT-RPE-1 cells using TMT-labelling quantitative mass spectrometry. Compared with previously published datasets, we provide improved temporal resolution and coverage of key cell cycle regulators identifying 401 proteins and 6,528 phosphorylation events exhibiting cell cycle-dependent oscillation. These data are enriched with complementary information to link cycle-dependent abundance dynamics to functional changes. The results of this analysis are available in the Cell Cycle database (CCdb), an in-depth web-based resource for the cell cycle community.