The cells were lysed in a buffer consisting of 4% SDS, 0.1 M DTT, 100 mM Tris/HCl; pH 7.6 and heated for 5 minutes at 99℃. The protein extracts were processed according to theSp3 protocol. The reduced cysteine residues were alkylated in 200 mM iodoacetamide (Acros Organics). 20 μg of beads (1:1 mixture of hydrophilic and hydrophobic SeraMag carboxylate-modified beads; GE Life Sciences) were added to each sample in 50% ethanol. Protein clean-up was performed on a magnetic rack. The beads were washed twice with 80% ethanol followed by one wash with 100% acetonitrile (Fisher Chemical). The beads-captured proteins were digested overnight at 37 ℃ with 0.5 μg trypsin/LysC mix in 25 mM ammonium bicarbonate under vigorous shaking (1200 rpm, Eppendorf Thermomixer). The supernatants were collected and the peptides were purified by a modified Sp3 clean-up protocol and finally solubilized in the mobile phase A (0.1% formic acid in water), and sonicated. Peptide concentration was determined through absorbance measurement at 280 nm using a nanodrop instrument.