The cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the most destructive insect pests of cowpea, peanut, and other legumes in tropical and subtropical regions. However, there are little-known molecular mechanisms underlying the host plant specification and their interaction. Aphids secretes numerous proteins while feeding on plants to counteract plant defenses which became indispensable for its survival and growth. In this study we identified salivary proteins of cowpea aphid using LC-MS/MS.