Camellia nitidissima is renowned for its distinctive golden-colored flowers and serves as a valuable resource for cultivating various yellow camellia varieties. we employed the Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) to construct a proteome map of C. nitidissima petals at five different developmental stages. As a result, we identified a total of 302,845 spectra and obtained 49,358 peptides or protein fragments through spectral analysis, including 45,798 specific peptides and 8,498 proteins, of which 6,789 proteins were quantified. Analysis of the number distribution of peptide sequences revealed that most of the identified proteins contained fewer than 5 peptides. Specifically, 16.8% of the proteins mapped to a single peptide, and the number of proteins decreased as the number of matched peptides increased. The proteins’ relative molecular masses were mainly in the range of 10-60 kDa, with proteins less than 60 kDa accounting for 80.91% of the total identified proteins.