Integration of multi-omics data can provide information on biomolecules from different layers to illustrate the complex biology systematically. Here, we built the first global quantitative atlas containing transcriptomes, proteomes, phospho-proteomes and acetyl-proteomes of 20 tissues in common wheat. We identified 132,570 transcripts, 32,256 proteins, 69,364 phosphorylation sites, and 34,974 acetylation sites across wheat development stages. Our data demonstrated that homoeolog expression bias exists divergence at different omics layers. Regulatory networks dissected critical proteins or genes controlling important biology processes. Four wheat trait-gene families refer to timely flowering, disease resistance, starch biosynthesis-related genes, and seed storage proteins were used as examples to verify our data and shed novel inlight on the importance of post-translational modifications in wheat previously unknown. Importantly, a novel Fusarium crown rot (FCR) resistant gene delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (TaP5CS1) was identified by FCR-responsive multi-omics techniques. We found that TaP5CS1 confers FCR tolerance via increased proline content and is regulated by histone deacetylase 9 (TaHDA9). Our multi-omics atlas data will accelerate function and mechanism studies of important traits in wheat.