The regeneration of cartilage is a crucial aspect in the treatment of osteoarthritis. In recent years, cartilage regeneration has been pursued through several bioengineering strategies and using different stem cell types, such as adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs), however with a rather inefficient expression of key chondrogenic markers. Here, we analyzed the proteome of ASCs embedded in a nanocomposite hydrogel stimulated with ultrasound waves, focusing on pathways related to cartilage regeneration.