Moyamoya disease (MMD) and atherosclerosis (ICAD) are both common causes of chronic intracranial vascular occlusion. Surgical revascularization is the preferred procedure for MMD but is not recommended for ICAD, and may be related to vascular reserve capacity, however, the precise reason is not fully understood. Previous studies showed exosomes could regulate revascularization, so we hypothesize plasma exosomal proteins play critical roles in MMD during revascularization. Quantitative proteomics technique and bioinformatics method were used to identify potential key plasma exosomal proteins for revascularization in MMD.