We report the histological and immunohistochemical features of four cases of musculoskeletal amyloidoma in association with combined laser capture microdissection (LCM) of Congo Red (CR)-positive regions with a recent microproteomics workflow that improves the sensitivity of the analysis in order to confirm the nature of the protein deposit. Proteomics techniques allowed to elucidate the nature of the amyloid protein deposit, improving the results obtained by immunohistochemistry (IHC). IHC results were confirmed in two cases while laser-capture microdissection coupled with bottom-up microproteomics was necessary to type the other two cases, for which IHC was inconclusive.