The drought-tolerant soybean variant HeiNong 44 was analyzed via proteome analysis. Soybean was exposed to drought stress for 0, 8, and 24 h, and protein samples were extracted for detection of differentially expressed proteins. Protein sequencing of leaf tissues under drought stress yielded a total of 549 differentially expressed proteins: 75 and 320 upregulated proteins as well as 70 and 84 downregulated proteins were obtained after 8 and 24 h of drought stress, respectively.