Therapeutic use of mesangial stem cells (MSCs) for tissue repair, including heart, has great potential. MSCs from multiple sources, including those derived from human umbilical matrix, namely Wharton's jelly, may serve as a resourceful candidate. Even after more than a decade, low engraftment efficacy of MSCs, in vivo, remains a limitation which requires in-depth understanding of the mechanisms and factors involved to facilitate a better and clinically relevant outcome. We recently hypothesized and demonstrated that the sex hormone – 17-beta estradiol (E2) – facilitates protective processes within the cardiovascular system by modulating MSC function, in vitro. Here, using a proteomic approach, we investigated the angiogenic potential of MSCs in vivo and the modulatory actions of E2 on mechanisms involved in tissue repair (potentially post-ischemic injury). Employing an in vivo approach with an ovariectomized (OVX) mice model, we evaluated the effects of E2 on MSC-induced angiogenesis using Matrigel plug assay.