We exploit the predictable time course of Drosophila brain development to perform a temporally coupled quantitative proteomic analysis of the pupal brain in Nab2 mutant or overexpression models, which reveals that Nab2 is required to regulate the abundance of a number of proteins with critical roles in Drosophila neurons. Pupal brains lacking Nab2 show dysregulation of proteins, such as Futsch, Turtle, Contactin, and Van Gogh, that typically function in brain morphogenesis, neuroblast proliferation, circadian sleep/wake cycle, and other neurodevelopmental processes. Overall, these data define a role for Nab2 during neurodevelopment in regulating protein abundance for a subset of the brain proteome and provide a window into the potential functions of human ZC3H14 protein.