There are more than 240 million people worldwide chronically infected with HBV, among which, some may develop HBV-related cancer or end stage liver diseases. Lipid disorder remains one of the main mechanisms for chronic liver diseases. To explore the mechanisms induced by hepatitis B surface antigen in lipid disorder, a new pathway was revealed. These findings partially explained how SHBs could promote liver lipid disorder, and may provide a potential new intervention target in HBV related liver diseases.