Agarwood is a kind of precious traditional Chinese medicine, the scarity of natural agarwood limits its wide application and resulted in the high price of agarwood. Agarwood formed when Aquilaria sinensis was suffered from chemical stimulus, mechanical damage and fungal infection, however, the molecular mechanism of which has not been fully elucidated. In this study, the quantitative proteomic analysis using iTRAQ technology combined with transcriptome analysis on chemically induced A. sinensis were firstly performed to elucidate the agarwood formation mechanism by formic acid stimulus. 3,029 proteins were detected, 504 differential proteins that showed at least 2-fold differences in their expression levels were selected ,