he brain is a vital organ in regulating complex social behaviors of honeybees including learning and memory. Knowledge of how brain membrane proteins and their phosphorylation underlie the age-related behavioral polyethism is still lacking. We presented the first comprehensive profiling and comparison of brain membrane proteome and phosphoproteome across different ages of adult worker bees in two strains of honeybee (Apis mellifera ligustica): Italian bee (ITB) and royal jelly bee (RJB), a line selected for increased RJ outputs over 4 decades.