Updated project metadata. Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) is widely observed at elevated expression levels in multiple human cancers. However, the associations of PGRMC1 with renal cancer are not clear and merit further study. In this report, we report a systematic, integrative biological assessment of PGRMC1 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), encompassing quantitative proteomics, immunohistochemical profiling, and its clinicopathologic significance. We identified that PGRMC1 is increased to 3.91-fold in RCC tissues when compared with its autologous para-cancerous tissues by a quantitative proteomic analysis. PGRMC1 was widely increased in 63.7% RCC samples (86/135) by immunohistochemical validation. Meanwhile the average expression level of serum PGRMC1 in RCC patients (n=18) was significantly increased to 1.67-fold compared with the healthy persons. Moreover PGRMC1 upregulation is correlated with tumor malignancy level and a poor overall survival for RCC. And PGRMC1 overexpression promotes cell proliferation for renal cancer cells in vitro. Our findings demonstrate that PGRMC1 is a novel potential biomarker and therapeutic target for renal cancer due to PGRMC1 roles in promoting RCC-associated phenotypes in vitro and in vivo.