Wood is formed by the differentiation of cells from the vascular cambium and it is an important source for pulp, paper and bioenergy production. However there is little information about the vascular cambium at the molecular level, particularly in response to seasonality in tropical regions. We used three different molecular approaches: transcripts, proteome and metabolome to characterize the seasonal alterations in the primary metabolism of the eucalyptus cambial zone. Based on 2-DE analysis, 71 proteins were differentially expressed.