PXD031522

PXD031522 is an original dataset announced via ProteomeXchange.

Title	Widespread consumption of the common food additive xanthan gum by the human gut microbiota
Description	The diets of industrialized countries reflect the increasing use of processed foods, often with the inclusion of novel food additives. Xanthan gum is a complex polysaccharide with unique rheological properties that have established its use as a widespread stabilizer and thickening agent. Xanthan gum’s chemical structure is distinct from the host and dietary polysaccharides that are more commonly expected to transit the gastrointestinal tract, and little is known about its direct interaction with the gut microbiota, which plays a central role in digestion of other dietary fiber polysaccharides. Here, we show that the ability to digest xanthan gum is surprisingly common in industrialized human gut microbiomes and appears contingent on a single uncultured bacterium in the family Ruminococcaceae. Our data reveal that this primary degrader cleaves the xanthan gum backbone before processing the released oligosaccharides using additional enzymes. Surprisingly, some individuals harbor a Bacteroides intestinalis that is incapable of consuming polymeric xanthan gum but grows on oligosaccharide products generated by the Ruminococcaceae. Feeding xanthan gum to germfree mice colonized with a human microbiota containing the uncultured Ruminococcaceae supports the idea that this additive can drive expansion of this primary degrader along with exogenously introduced Bacteroides intestinalis. Our work demonstrates the existence of a potential xanthan gum food chain involving at least two members of different phyla of gut bacteria and provides an initial framework to understand how widespread consumption of a recently introduced food additive influences human microbiomes.
HostingRepository	PRIDE
AnnounceDate	2022-02-28
AnnouncementXML	Submission_2022-02-28_10:22:13.657.xml
DigitalObjectIdentifier
ReviewLevel	Peer-reviewed dataset
DatasetOrigin	Original dataset
RepositorySupport	Unsupported dataset by repository
PrimarySubmitter	Matthew Ostrowski
SpeciesList	scientific name: Homo sapiens (Human); NCBI TaxID: 9606;
ModificationList	monohydroxylated residue; iodoacetamide derivatized residue; deamidated residue
Instrument	Q Exactive HF

Revision	Datetime	Status	ChangeLog Entry
0	2022-02-09 05:02:22	ID requested
⏵ 1	2022-02-28 10:22:14	announced

Dataset with its publication pending

submitter keyword: Microbiome, microbiota, xanthan gum

Eric Charles Martens
contact affiliation	Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
contact email	emarten@umich.edu
lab head
Matthew Ostrowski
contact affiliation	University of Michigan
contact email	mpostrow@umich.edu
dataset submitter

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PRIDE project URI

• PRIDE
  1. PXD031522
     1. Label: PRIDE project
     2. Name: Widespread consumption of the common food additive xanthan gum by the human gut microbiota