PXD064732

PXD064732 is an original dataset announced via ProteomeXchange.

Title	Archaea produce peptidoglycan hydrolases that kill bacteria
Description	The social life of archaea is poorly understood. In particular, even though competition and conflict are common themes in microbial communities, there is scant evidence documenting antagonistic interactions between archaea and their abundant prokaryotic brethren: bacteria. Do archaea specifically target bacteria for destruction? If so, what molecular weaponry do they use? Here, we present an approach to infer antagonistic interactions between archaea and bacteria from genome sequence. We show that a large and diverse set of archaea encode peptidoglycan hydrolases, enzymes that recognize and cleave a structure – peptidoglycan – that is a ubiquitous component of bacterial cell walls but absent from archaea. We predict the bacterial targets of archaeal peptidoglycan hydrolases using a structural homology approach and demonstrate that the predicted target bacteria tend to inhabit a similar niche to the archaeal producer, indicative of ecologically relevant interactions. Using a heterologous expression system, we demonstrate that two peptidoglycan hydrolases from the halophilic archaeaon Halogranum salarium B-1 kill the halophilic bacterium Halalkalibacterium halodurans, a predicted target, and do so in a manner consistent with peptidoglycan hydrolase activity. Our results suggest that, even though the tools and rules of engagement remain largely unknown, archaeal-bacterial conflicts are likely common, and we present a roadmap for the discovery of additional antagonistic interactions between these two domains of life. Our work has implications for understanding mixed microbial communities that include archaea and suggests that archaea might represent a large untapped reservoir of novel antibacterials.
HostingRepository	PRIDE
AnnounceDate	2026-02-07
AnnouncementXML	Submission_2026-02-07_14:51:48.420.xml
DigitalObjectIdentifier
ReviewLevel	Peer-reviewed dataset
DatasetOrigin	Original dataset
RepositorySupport	Unsupported dataset by repository
PrimarySubmitter	Pavel Shliaha
SpeciesList	scientific name: Haloferax volcanii SB1; NCBI TaxID: NEWT:523840;
ModificationList	iodoacetamide derivatized residue
Instrument	Orbitrap Fusion Lumos

Revision	Datetime	Status	ChangeLog Entry
0	2025-06-06 15:00:30	ID requested
⏵ 1	2026-02-07 14:51:55	announced

Strock R, Soo VWC, Misson P, Roumelioti G, Shliaha PV, Hocher A, Warnecke T, Archaea produce peptidoglycan hydrolases that kill bacteria. PLoS Biol, 23(8):e3003235(2025) [pubmed]

10.1371/journal.pbio.3003235;

submitter keyword: Archaea,peptidoglycan hydrolase

Pavel Shliaha
contact affiliation	MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences (LMS)
contact email	pavel.shliaha@gmail.com
lab head
Pavel Shliaha
contact affiliation	MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences proteomics and metabolomics core
contact email	pavel.shliaha@gmail.com
dataset submitter

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PRIDE project URI

• PRIDE
  1. PXD064732
     1. Label: PRIDE project
     2. Name: Archaea produce peptidoglycan hydrolases that kill bacteria