Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic disease later in life and have been shown to affects female and male offspring differently, but the mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to identify proteomic differences and metabolic risk markers in IUGR from male and female neonates when compare with appropriate for gestational age (AGA) that will provide a better understanding of IUGR pathogenesis and its associated risks. Our result revealed alterations in IUGR cord plasma proteomes with most of the enriched proteins implicated in peroxisome pathways. This effect was evident in females but not in males. Furthermore, we observed that catalase activity, peroxisome enzyme, was significantly increased in females (P<0.05) but unchanged in males. Finally, we identified risk proteins associated with obesity, type-2 diabetes, and glucose intolerance such as EGF containing fibulin extracellular matrix protein 1, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and transforming growth factor beta receptor 3 (TGFBR3) proteins unique to females while coagulation factor IX (C9) and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) are for males. Our data reveal that IUGR may display sexual dimorphism which may be associated with differences in lifelong risk for cardiometabolic disease between males and females.