Update publication information. Vitiligo is a common acquired skin disorder caused by immune-mediated destruction of epidermal melanocytes. Systemic glucocorticoids (GCs) have been used to prevent the progression of active vitiligo, with 8.2%–56.2% of patients insensitive to this therapy. Currently, there is a lack of biomarkers that can accurately predict and evaluate treatment responses. The goal of this study was to identify candidate urinary protein biomarkers to predict the efficacy of GCs treatment in active vitiligo patients and monitor the disease. In the present study, we aimed to identify urinary biomarkers that could predict and monitor the efficacy of steroid treatment. Urine samples were collected from the treatment-resistance group and treatment-effective group before and after GCs treatment and randomly divided into a discovery group and validation group. Differentially expressed proteins were determined using proteomic analysis.