Update publication information. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induces diverse clinical manifestations accompanied by multi-organ dysfunction. Of these, heart complications are the most life threatening. Direct myocardial and vascular injuries due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) drive systemic inflammation, which is the leading cause of acute cardiac injury associated with COVID-19. However, in-depth knowledge of the injury characteristics and quantity of its constituent proteins, as well as specific functions of four heart regions, including two ventricles and atria, is lacking. Here, through a strategy for spatial quantitative proteomics by combining comparative anatomy, laser-capture microdissection, and mass spectrometry, we successfully established a complete region-resolved heart proteome map by myocardia and microvessels from four regions of the hearts. We analyzed the dysfunction of different regions of COVID-19 patients’ native heart tissues in situ with histological examinaton. Focusing on the molecular features of myocardial and microvessel tissues with obvious inflammatory cells, a series of specific molecular dysfunctions of myocardium and microvessel were located in different cardiac regions caused by inflammation. These results could provide guidance for future discovery of improved clinical treatments for heart diseases.