Revealing the reproductive mechanism of schistosomes will help to control this disease. In this study, the proteomic profiles of single-sex infected female (SF) worms and bisexual infected mature female (MF) worms of Schistosoma japonicum at 18, 21, 23 and 25 days post infection (dpi) were identified with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation-coupled liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were subsequently used for bioinformatic analysis.