Updated project metadata. A central goal of modern biology is to understand the molecular basis of phenotype evolution between species. Previously, the evolutionary profiling at the molecular level has been largely limited to the nucleotide level. Nevertheless, the genotype is translated to proteotype through comprehensive and gene-specific post-transcriptional regulations. Harnessing recently emerged consistent proteomic quantification methods, we here investigate the co-evolution processes across the transcriptomic, proteomic, and phosphoproteomic layers in skin fibroblasts from 11 common mammalian species. Altogether, we have generated a multi-species, multi-omics resource, the analysis of which significantly facilitates the understanding of gene expression, proteotype co-evolution, and biodiversity in mammals.