Update publication information. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) is one of the fast-growing plant species and has high comprehensive utilization value. However, how Moso bamboo realize the transition from initial growth of winter shoot to fast growth of spring shoot is still unknown. Large increase of biomass in spring shoot suggests that alterations in bioenergetic processes may contribute to fast growth initiation. In this study, we successfully isolated mitochondria from winter shoots and spring shoots of Moso bamboo, and performed a total and mitochondrial transcriptomic and proteomic analysis using RNA sequencing and Label-free quantitative proteomics technology. The main objective of the study was to augment the genomic and proteomic data available for Moso bamboo, identify key genes/proteins involved in energy metabolism, and systematically understand the energy metabolism mechanism of shoots growth during the transitory stage from initial growth to rapid growth.