Update information publication. The hippocampus and entorhinal cortex are the earliest areas affected by AD pathology, which are related to early memory loss in patients. The hippocampus subfields are heterogeneous, with different order and degree affect by AD pathology. Studying the molecular changes may explain the difference, and may provide new therapeutic ideas for AD. In this study, specimens from the Chinese human brain banking were used to compare the proteome changes in the hippocampal subfields and the EC area affected by AD. The region-specific differential expressed proteins (associated with oligodendrocytes and myelin sheath) and co-variant proteins, also considered as constitute proteins (associated with astrocytes) were identified. The IHC results verified the specific loss of myelin in CA1, CA3 and EC areas, and find that protective S100A10-positive astrocytes number was increased in all hippocampal subfields and EC area. Further dual immunofluorescence results find that S100A10-positive astrocytes phagocyte apoptotic neuron debris. A hypothesis was put forward based on this, that S100A10-positive astrocytes protect neurons probably through engulfing apoptotic neurons. This study conducts a comprehensive proteomic analysis on the hippocampus subregion for the first time, highlighting the glia role in AD, and providing more information on the pathogenesis and therapy of AD.