The incidence of non-smoking female patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is increasing in recent decades. However, the pathogenesis of patients is unclear and early diagnosis biomarkers are in urgent need. In this study, 136 non-smoking female subjects (65 patients with NSCLC, 6 patients with benign lung tumors and 65 healthy controls) were enrolled, and their metabolic profiling were investigated using a pseudotargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.