Updated project metadata. Plant thylakoid membranes contain hundreds of proteins closely interplaying to cope with ever-changing environmental conditions. We investigated how P. sativum (pea) grown at different irradiances optimizes light-use efficiency through the differential accumulation of thylakoid proteins. Thylakoid membranes from plants grown under limiting (LL), normal (NL) and high (HL) light intensity were characterized by combining chlorophyll fluorescence measurements with quantitative proteomic analysis. Protein sequences retrieved from available transcriptomic data considerably improved the protein profiling. We found that increasing growth irradiance affects the electron transport kinetics but not Photosystem (PS) I and II relative abundance. Two acclimation strategies were evident comparing plants acclimated to LL with higher irradiances: 1) in NL, plants turn on photoprotective responses mostly regulating the PSII light-harvesting capacity either accumulating Lhcb4.3 or favouring the xanthophyll cycle; 2) in HL, plants reduce the LHCII pool and enhance the PSII repair cycle. At increasing growth irradiance, plants increase the accumulation of ATP synthase and boost the electron transport to finely tune the ΔpH across the membrane and adjust the thylakoid architecture to optimize protein trafficking. Our results provide a quantitative snapshot on how plants coordinate light-harvesting, electron transport and protein synthesis adjusting the thylakoid membrane proteome in a light-dependent manner