Red blood cells (RBC) are the most abundant cell type in human body that are responsible not only for tissue transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide, but also for a range of other functions. RBC and, in particular, their plasma membrane have been extensively studied for many years. These investigations led to composite models of RBC membrane organization. During the past decade proteomic studies extended our knowledge on RBC composition, however these studies were, at their best, able to provide only semiquantitative insights. Here we report a large scale proteomic investigation of RBCs and their ‘white ghost’ membrane fraction. Our in depth analysis resulted in identification of 2,650 proteins of which we consistently quantified 990 proteins in the RBC membrane. We quantified 41 membrane transporter proteins spanning 5 orders of magnitude dynamic range. Some of these, including the drug transporter ABCA7 and choline transporters SLC44A1 and SLC44A2 were previously not reported for the RBC membrane. Comparison of protein copy number values assessed by proteomics showed a good correlation with literature data, however abundances of few proteins were not consistent with the classical references. Since we validated our data by a targeted analysis using labelled standards we suggest to consider some older reference data from a variety of biochemical approaches as inaccurate. Our study provide the first comprehensive and quantitative analysis of the RBCs which may have implications for studying erythrocyte structure, functions and disease.